Environment and Sustainability

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In this section:

• Agroforestry
• Conservation
• Biodiversity

Agroforestry

• Soil nitrogen cycling following montane forest conversion in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J., vol. 70, p. 359-366. 2006. by M.D. Corre, et al. [PDF: 216 kb]
• Learning about neighbor trees in cacao growing systems. A manual for farmer trainers. WCF and STCP. Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL Series No. 4-2006. Farmer Training Manual. by R. Asare. [PDF: 5.1 MB]
• Are partial nutrient balances suitable to evaluate nutrient sustainability of land use systems? Results from a case study in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia by Dechert et al. [PDF: 291 kb]
• Temporal changes in soil carbon and nitrogen in west African multistrata agroforestry systems: a chronosequence of pools and fluxes by M.E. Isaac, et. al. [PDF: 233 kb]
• Floristic and Structural Analysis of Agroforestry Floodplain Systems of the Juba River Cametá Pará by Silvio Roberto Miranda dos Santos, et al [PDF: 657 kb]
• Slow Death of Atlantic Forest Trees in Cocoa Agroforestry in Southeastern Brazil by Samir G. Rolim and Adriano G. Chiarello [PDF: 180 kb]
• Cocoa Agroforest in West Africa: a look at activities on preferred trees in the farming systems by Richard Asare [PDF: 1 MB]
• Public/private partnerships in agroforestry: the example of working together to improve cocoa sustainability by H-Y Shapiro and E.M. Rosenquist [PDF: 113 kb]
• Carbon sequestration: An underexploited environmental benefit of agroforestry systems by F. Montagnini and P. K. R. Nair [PDF: 164 kb]
• Agroforestry initiatives in Ghana: a look at research and development by R. Asare [PDF: 49.2 kb]
• Biodiversity in tropical agroforests and the ecological role of ants and ant diversity in predatory function. Ecological entomology, vol. 31, pp. 369-377, 2006. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and Environment. by S.M. Philpott and I. Armbrecht. [PDF: 88 KB]. posted by Nov. 2 2006
• Etude de cas d'amenagement forestier, exemplaire en Afrique Centrale: Les systemes agroforestiers cacaoyers Cameroun. Document de Travail FM/12F, FAO, Rome, Italy, 2002 by D.J. Sonwa [PDF: 724 KB] posted Dec. 4 2006
• From forest to farmland: Species richness patterns of trees and understorey plants along a gradient of forest conversion in southwestern Cameroon. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 15, p. 4097-4117. by K.S. Bobo, M. Waltert, N.M. Sainge, J. Njokagbor, H. Fermon, M. Muehlenberg. [PDF: 277 KB] posted Feb. 27 2007
• A review on cocoa agroforestry as a means for biodiversity conservation. Forest and Landscape Denmark, March 2006. Presented at the WCF Meeting, Brussels, May 2006. by R. Asare [PDF: 180 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• Tree diversity primary forest and different land use systems in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 14, p. 547-560, 2005. by M. Kessler, P.J.A. Kessler, S.R. Gradstein, K. Bach, M. Schmull, and R. Pitopang. [PDF: 355 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation: traditional practices, present dynamics, and lessons for the future. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 15, p. 549-554, 2006. by J.A. McNeely and G. Schroth. [PDF: 140 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• Rainfall partitioning in relation to forest structure in differently managed montane forest stands in Central Sulwesi, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 237, p. 170-178, 2006. by J. Dietz, D. Hoelscher, C. Leuschner, and Hendrayanto. [PDF: 428 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• Shade tree effects in an 8-year-old cocoa agroforestry system: biomass and nutrient diagnosis of Theobroma cacao by vector analysis. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, vol. 78, no. 2, p. 155-165, 2007. by M.E. Isaac, V.R. Timmer, and S.J. Quashie-Sam. [PDF: 250 KB] posted July 3 2007
• Traditional cocoa-based agroforestry and forest species conservation in Ondo State, Nigeria. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, vol. 122, p. 305-311, 2007 by D.O. Oke and K.A. Odebiyi. [PDF: 236 KB] posted October 2 2007
• Financial analysis of shaded cocoa in Ghana. Agroforestry Systems, vol. 71, p. 139-149, 2007. by B.D. Obiri, G.A. Bright, M.A. McDonald and L.C.N. Anglaaere, J. Cobbina. [PDF: 219 KB] posted October 31 2007
• Chocolate forests and monocultures: a historical review of cocoa growing and its conflicting role in tropical deforestation and forest conservation. Chapter 6, p. 107-132 by F. Ruf and G. Schroth in Agroforestry and Biodiversity edited by G. Schroth, G.A.B. daFonseca, C.A. Harvey, C. Gascon, H.L. Vasconcelos, and A-M. N. Izac. Island Press, Washington, Covelo, London. 2007.
• Using 3D architectural models to assess light availability and root bulkiness in coconut agroforestry system. Agroforestry Systems, vol. 72, p. 63-74, 2008. by N. Lamanda, J. Dauzat, C. Jourdan, P. Martin, and E. Malezieux [PDF: 356 KB] posted February 1 2008
• Transfer of knowledge on Agroforestry management practices: the structure of farmer advice networks. Ecology and Society, vol. 12(2):32, 2007 by M.E. Isaac, B.H. Erickson, S.J. Quashie-Sam, and V.R. Timmer [PDF: 180 KB] posted March 31 2008
• Characterization of tree-to-tree variation in morphological, nutritional and medicinal properties of Canarium inidicum nuts. Agroforestry Systems, vol. 73, p. 77-87, 2008 by R. Leakey, S. Fuller, T.Treloar, L. Stevenson, D. Hunter, T. Nevenimo, J. Binifa, and J. Moxon [PDF: 516 KB] posted June 3 2008
• Special Issue: Ecophysiology of tropical tree crops. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, vol. 19, p. 239-510, 2008 by F.M. DaMatta [PDF: 37 KB] posted September 29 2008
• A participatory approach for tree diversification in cocoa farms: Ghanaian farmers' experience. The Sustainable Tree Crops Program, Working Paper Series, Issue 9, 2008, 28 pages by R. Asare and R.A. Asare. [PDF: 419 KB] posted October 24 2008
• Change vector analysis to categorise land cover change processes using the tasselled cap as biophysical indicator: Description: Implementing Landsat TM and ETM to detect land cover and land use changes in the mount Cameroon region using the CVA technique with the tasselled cap as biophysical indicator. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 145. p. 227-235, 2008 by R. N. Siwe and B. Koch [PDF: 419 KB] posted October 24 2008
• Valoración biofisica y financiera de la fijación de carbono por uso del suelo en fincas cacaoteras indígenas de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Biophysical and financial evaluation of carbon fixation by land use in indigenous cocoa farms in Talamanca, Costa Rica]. In Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE) Vol. 46, p. 45-50 by H.J. Andrade, M. Segura, E. Somarriba and M. Villalobos. [PDF: 138 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Existencias de carbono en charrales y sistemas agroforestales de cacao y banano de fincas indigenas Bribri y Cabécar de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Carbon stocks in fallows and cocoa and banana agroforestry systems in indigenous Bribri and Cabecar farms in Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE) V ol. 46, p. 30-33. by N. Arce, E. Ortiz, M. Villalobos, and S. Cordero. [PDF: 91 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Árboles frutales en los campos agrícolas de las fincas de Talamanca, Costa Rica [Fruit trees in crop fields in farms of Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46, p. 21-25 by A. Burgos, H. Armero and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 98 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Producción e incrementos de madera y carbono de laurel (Cordia alliodora) y cedro amargo (Cedrela odorata L.) de regeneración natural en cacaotales y bananales indígenas de Talamanca, Costa Rica [Timber and carbon stocks and yields of naturally regenerated Cordia alliodora shade trees in cocoa and banana plantations in Talamanca, Costa Rica] Spanish with English summary. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE 75 p. by W. A. Calero Borge [PDF: 2 MB] posted November 20 2008
• Calidad de suelos en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao), banano (Musa AAA) y plátano (Musa AAB) en el valle de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Soil quality in cacao (Theobroma cacao), banana (Musa AAA) and plantain (Musa AAB) plantations in Talamanca valley, Costa Rica]. Spanish with an English summary. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE 56 p. by R.H. Cerda-Bustillos [PDF: 1 MB] posted by November 20 2008
• Enriquecimiento de fincas cacaoteras con frutales y maderables en Alto Beni, Bolivia. [Agroforestry enrichment planting with timber and fruit trees in cocoa farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46 p. 65-72 by L. Orozco, A. López and E. Somarriba [PDF: 130 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Las fincas indígenas Bribri y Cabécar de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Indigenous Bribri and Cabecar farms in Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE), Vol. 46 p. 14-20 by L. Orozco, M. Villalobos, A. Ortiz, L. Riascos, J. Méndez and V. Sánchez. [PDF: 132 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Aprovechamiento, rendimiento maderable y carbono perdido en los residuos de Cordia alliodora de regeneración natural en cacaotales (Theobroma cacao) y bananales (Musa AAA cv Gros Michel) de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Timber harvest and yield, and loss of carbon in cocoa and banana agroforestry plantations in Talamanca, Costa Rica] Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46. p. 34-39 by E. Somarriba, A. Suárez, W. Calero, A. Botina and D. Chalaca. [PDF: 139 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Descomposición de las hojas del cacao y de seis especies arbóreas, solas y en mezcla en Alto Beni, Bolivia. [Decomposition of cocoa leaves and six arboreal shade species, alone and mixed in Alto Beni, Bolivia.] Spanish with English summary. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica. CATIE. 82 p. by R. P. Villegas Cáceres [PDF: 905 KB] November 20 2008
• Soil Biogeochemical Patterns in the Talamanca Foothills, Costa Rica: Local Soil Knowledge and Implications for Agroecosystems. [Patrones biogeoquímicos en el pie de monte de Talamanca: conocimiento local de suelos e implicaciones para los agroecosistemas]. English with Spanish summary. Thesis (PhD), University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA 172 p. by L. Winowiecki [PDF: 12 MB] November 20 2008
• Incorporating livelihoods in biodiversity conservation: a case study of cacao agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Incorporando las estrategias de vida en la conservación de biodiversidad: un estudio de caso con sistemas agroforestales de cacao en Talamanca, Costa Rica]. English with Spanish summary. Biodiversity and Conservation (The Netherlands). 16 (8) p. 2311-2333. 2007 by R.M. Dahlquist; M.P. Whelan; L. Winowiecki; B. Polidoro; S. Candela; C.A. Harvey; J.D. Wulfhorst; P.A. Mc Daniel; N.A. Bosque-Pérez. [PDF: 427 KB] posted December 19 2008
• Evaluation de la séquestration du carbone dans les plantations agroforestières et des jachères issues d'une agriculture migratoire dans les territoires autochtones de Talamanca, au Costa Rica. [Evaluation of carbon sequestration in agroforestry plantations and fallow lands in the autochtonous territories of Talamanca, Costa Rica]. French with Spanish summary. Thesis Mag. Sc. Université Laval Québec, Canada 140 p. 2007 by S. Grégoire-Valentini. [PDF: 3 MB] posted December 19 2008
• Agroforestry with cocoa. [Agroforestería con cacao]. English with Spanish summary. In 15 International Cocoa Research Conference, Proceedings Nigeria, COPAL Vol. I. p. 261-264. 2007 by E. Somarriba. [PDF: 1.4 MB] posted December 29 2008
• Cocoa and shade trees: production, diversification and environmental services. [Cocoa y árboles de sombra; producción y servicios ambientales]. English. Gro-cocoa (RU). 11 p. 1-4. 2007 by E. Somarriba. [PDF: 2.24 MB] posted December 29 2008
• The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest and diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests. Biological Invasions, vol. 10, p. 1399-1409, 2008 by M.M. Bos; J.M. Tylianakis; I. Steffan-Dewenter and T. Tscharntke. [PDF: 340KB] posted December 29 2008
• Change vector analysis to categorise land cover change processes using the tasselled cap as biophysical indicator. Description: Implementing Landsat TM and ETM to detect land cover and land use changes in the mount Cameroon region using the CVA technique with the tasselled cap as biophysical indicator. Environmental Monitoring and Assassment, vol. 145, p. 227- 235, 2008. by R.N. Siwe and B. Koch. [PDF: 288KB] posted December 29 2008
• Status and Management of new grafted cacao plantations in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Estado y manejo de nuevas plantaciones de cacao injertado en Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p.67-71, 2005 by M. Bentes Gama; E. Somarriba; W. Pinto and A. Pastrana. [PDF: 156KB] posted February 2 2009
• Agroforestry enrichment planting of fruit trees in cocoa farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Enriquecimiento agroforestal de fincas cacaoteras con frutales valiosos en el Alto Beni, Bolivia. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE 82 p., 2005 by A. López Sampson. [PDF: 735KB] posted February 2 2009
• Fruit trees in organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Arboles frutales en fincas de cacao orgánico del Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p. 38-45, 2005 by A. López and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 368KB] posted February 2 2009
• Agronomic evaluation of grafted cacao plantations of the cooperative confederation El Ceibo in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Evaluación agronómica de las plantaciones de cacao injertado de productores de la Central de Cooperativas El Ceibo, Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p. 62-66, 2005 by M. Miranda and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 247KB] posted February 2 2009
• Agroforestry enrichment of cocoa farms with valuable timber trees in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Enriquecimiento agroforestal de fincas cacaoteras con maderables valiosos en Alto Beni, Bolivia. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE 99 p., 2005 by L.A. Orozco Aguilar. [PDF: 1440KB] posted February 2 2009
• Timber trees in organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Arboles maderables en fincas de cacao orgánico del Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p. 46-53, 2005 by L. Orozco and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 288KB] posted February 2 2009
• Farmers perceptions and valuation of succesional multistrata agroforestry systems in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish. Percepciones y valoración de los productores cacaoteros del Alto Beni, Bolivia sobre el sistema agroforestal sucesional multiestrato. Tesis Ing. Agr. Universidad de San Andrés, Bolivia p. 172, 2005 by A. S. Quelca. [PDF: 3850KB] posted February 3 2009
• Perception and perceived values of Alto Beni, Bolivia cacao farmers regarding the multi-strata succesional system. Spanish, English summary. Percepciones y valoración del sistema sucesional multiestrato de los productores cacaoteros del Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p. 77-80, 2005 by A.S. Quelca, M. Bentes Gama, A. Pastrana and R. Ochoa. [PDF: 190KB] posted February 3 2009
• Participatory Agroforestry Planning for the enrichment of organic cacao farms with valuable perennial woody species in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Planificación agroforestal participativa para el enriquecimiento de fincas cacaoteras orgánicas con especies leñosas perennes ùtiles, Alto Beni, Bolivia. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 109 p., 2005 by M.M. Vega Játiva. [PDF: 1040KB] posted February 3 2009
• Agroforestry planning of organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Planificación agroforestal de fincas cacaoteras orgánicas del Alto Beni, Bolivia. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 43-44 p. 20-26, 2005 by M. Vega and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 336KB] posted February 3 2009
• Pruning cocoa in five steps. Spanish with English summary. La poda del cacao: cinco pasos para podar su cacaotal. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Manual Técnico #51, 23 p., 2003 by E. Somarriba. [PDF: 1.3MB] posted February 24 2009
• Agroforestry diagnosis of small, indigenous cocoa famrs in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Diagnóstico agroforestal de pequeñas fincas cacaoteras orgánicas de indígenas Bribri y Cabécar de Talamanca, Costa Rica.]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 10 (37-38) p. 24-30, 2003 by E. Somarriba, M. Trivelato, M. Villalobos, A Suárez, P. Benavides, K. Moran, L. Orozco and A. López . [PDF: 133KB] posted February 24 2009
• How to evaluate and improve the shade canopy of cocoa? Spanish with English summary. [¿Cómo evaluar y mejorar el dosel de sombra en cacaotales?]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 41-42, p. 120-128, 2004 by E. Somarriba. [PDF: 412KB] posted February 24 2009
• Sustainable utilization of Cordia alliodora timber from natural regeneration in cacao and banana plantations in indigenous communities in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Aprovechamiento sostenible de madera de Cordia alliodora de regeneración natural en cacaotales y bananales de indígenas de Talamanca, Costa Rica.]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 9 (35-36), p. 50-54, 2002 by A. Suárez and E. Somarriba. [PDF: 154KB] posted February 24 2009
• Floristic composition and structure of native forests and cocoa plantations in indigenous Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Composición florística y estructura de bosques y cacaotales en los territorios indígenas de Talamanca, Costa Rica.]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 10 (37-38), p. 31-35, 2003 by P. Suatunce, E. Somarriba, C. Harvey and B. Finegan. [PDF: 106KB] posted February 24 2009
• Dung beetle diversity in forests and cacao plantations with different structures and floristic composition in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Diversidad de escarabajos estiercoleros en el bosque y en cacaotales con diferente estructura y composición florística en Talamanca, Costa Rica. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 41-42, p. 37-42, 2004 by P. Suatunce, E. Somarriba, C. Harvey and B. Finegan. [PDF: 539KB] posted February 24 2009
• Useful plants in cocoa farms of Bribris and Cabecares of Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Plantas útiles de las fincas cacaoteras de indígenas Bribrí y Cabécar de Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 85 p., 2004 by L. Trujillo Córdova [PDF: 353KB] posted February 24 2009
• Useful plants in cocoa farms of Bribris and Cabecares of Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish with English summary. [Plantas útiles de las fincas cacaoteras de indígenas Bribrí y Cabécar de Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 10 (37-38), p. 36-41, 2003, by Trujillo Córdova, E. Somarriba and C.A. Harvey [PDF: 96KB] posted February 24 2009
• The soil organic carbon in particle-size separates under different regrowth forest stands of north eastern Costa Rica. Ecological Engineering, Vol. 34, p. 300-310, 2009 by J.J. Jimenez, R. Lal, R.O. Russo and H. A. Leblanc [PDF: 707KB] posted February 24 2009
• Shade management in coffee and cacao plantations. [Manejo de sombra en plantaciones de café y cacao]. Inglés. Agroforestry Systems (Paìses Bajos). V. 38 (1-3) p. 139-164, 1997 by J. Beer, R. Muschler, D. Kass and E. Somarriba [PDF: 187KB] posted March 23 2009
• Cocoa-laurel-plantain: co sts and financial benefits. Spanish with English summary. [Cacao-laurel-plátano: costos y beneficios financieros]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 264, 54 p, 1996 by G. Calvo Domingo and H. von Platen [PDF: 1MB] posted March 24 2009
• Cocoa under the shade of leguminous tree species in Talamanca: costs and financial benefits. Spanish with English summary. [Cacao bajo sombra de leguminosas en Talamanca: costos y beneficios financieros]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 301, 31 p, 1998 by G. Calvo Domingo and E. Somarriba [PDF: 816KB] posted March 24 2009
• Temporal shades for cocoa. Spanish. [Sombras temporales para cacao]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 206, p. 99-110, 1993 by L. Meléndez Marín and W. Phillips Mora [PDF: 4MB] posted March 24 2009
• Fine roots dynamics in agroforestry ststems of cacao, shaded by poró or laurel in Turrialba, Costa Rica. [Diná mica de raíces finas en los sistemas agroforestales de cacao con sombras de poró or laurel en Turrialba, Costa Rica]. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 78 p., 1993 by F. Muñoz Arboleda [PDF: 4MB] posted March 24 2009
• Cocoa-plantain-timber: the concept. Spanish with English summary. [Sistemas cacao-plátano-laurel: el concepto]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 226, 34 p, 1994 by E. Somarriba [PDF: 543KB] posted March 24 2009
• Timber trees to substitute shade in existing cocoa plantations: the concept. Spanish with English summary. [Maderables como alternativa para la substitución de sombras de cacaotales establecidos: el concepto]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 238, 30 p, 1994 by E. Somarriba and J. Beer[PDF: 920KB] posted March 24 2009
• Legume and timber shade trees for cacao: the concept. Spanish with English summary. [Arboles leguminosos y maderables como sombra para cacao: el concepto]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 274, 51 p, 1996 by E. Somarriba, J. Beer and A. Bonnemann [PDF: 2MB] posted March 24 2009
• Enriching cocoa plantation with timber shade trees. Spanish with English summary. [Enriquecimiento de cacaotales con especies maderables]. Agroforesteria en las Americas (CATIE). Vol. 5 (19) p. 28-31, 1998 by E. Somarriba and G. Calvo [PDF: 563KB] posted March 24 2009
• Timber trees to replace shade in existing cocoa shade canopies. Spanish. [Maderables como alternativa para la substitución de sombras de cacaotales establecidos: la economía]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 259, 30 p, 1995 by I. Hernández Cambronero and H. Von Platen [PDF: 538KB] posted April 8 2009
• Stability and risk in cocoa-laurel-plantain agroforestry systems. Spanish with English summary. [Estabilidad y riesgo en sistemas agroforestales cacao-laurel-plátano (CLP)]. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 70 p., 1997 by T. Ludewigs [PDF: 3.26MB] posted April 8 2009
• Timber trees to replace shade in cocoa plantations: management and growth. Spanish with English summary. [Maderables como alternativa para la substitución de sombra en cacaotales establecidos: manejo y crecimiento]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 240, 95 p, 1994 by E. Somarriba and L. Domíngez [PDF: 1.54MB] posted April 8 2009
• Cacao-plantain-laurel: crop yield and timber growth in Changuinola, Panamá. Spanish. [Cacao-plátano-laurel: manejo, producción agrícola y crecimiento maderable: Changuinola, Panamá]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 233, 64 p, 1994 by E. Somarriba, L. Domíngez and C. Lucas [PDF: 2MB] posted April 8 2009
• Cocoa under timber shade trees in Ojo de Agua, Changuinola, Panamá: management, growth and production of cocoa and timber. Spanish. [Caco bajo sombra de maderables en Ojo de Agua, Changuinola, Panamá]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 276, 47 p, 1996 by E. Somarriba, L. Domíngez and C. Lucas [PDF: 1.34MB] posted April 8 2009
• Timber shade species for cocoa: economics. Spanish with English summary. [Sombras maderables para cacaotales: aspectos económicos]. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Informe Técnico. Number 266, 47 p, 1995 by S. Trejos and H. Von Platen [PDF: 938KB] posted April 8 2009
• Growth of laurel (Cordia alliodora) a timber component in agroforestry systems of Talamanca, Costa Rica and Bocas de Toro, Panamá. Spanish with English summary. Crecimiento del laurel (Cordia alliodora) como componente maderable de sistemas agroforestales en Talamanca, Costa Rica y Bocas de Toro, Panamá. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 70 p., 1997 by R.G. Valdivieso Taborga[PDF: 3.26MB] posted April 8 2009
• Growth of laurel (Cordia alliodora) in agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica and Changuinola, Panamá. Spanish with English summary. Crecimiento del laurel (Cordia alliodora) en sistemas agroforestales de Talamanca, Costa Rica y Changuinola, Panamá]. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 5 (17-18_ p. 54-58, 1998 by R. Valdivieso, E. Somarriba, G. Galloway, W. Vásquez and D. Kass [PDF: 971 KB] posted April 8 2009
• Analysis of the diversity of cocoa cropping systems. Case of the Central Cameroon. French. [Analyse de la diversité des systèmes de pratique en cacaoculture: cas du Centre Cameroun]. Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, Vol. 12, p. 367-377, 2009 by P. Jagoret, E. Bouambi, T. Menimo, I Domkam and F. Batomen [PDF: 482 KB] posted April 8 2009
• Consequences of increasing forest use intensity for biomass, morphology and growth of fine roots in a tropical moist forest on Sulawesi, Indonesia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, vol. 129, p. 474-481, 2009 by C. Leuschner, M. Harteveld and D. Hertel. [PDF: 291KB] posted April 23 2009
• Satellite-based prediction of rainfall interception by tropical forest stands of a human-dominated landscape in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam), vol. 364, p. 227-235, 2008 by J. Nieschulze, S. Erasmi, J. Dietz and D. Holscher. [PDF: 920KB] posted April 23 2009
• Cropping systems and compatibility systems in cacao in the Atlantic region of Costa Rica.  Spanish with English summary. [Sistemas de cultivo y compatibilidad del cacao en la zona atlántica de Costa Rica]. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE.  97 p., 1991 by D. Cruz Choque. [PDF: 5.2MB] posted April 6 2009

Conservation

• Effects of Land Use on Bird Species Richness in Sulawesi, Indonesia by Matthias Waltert, et al [PDF: 201 kb]
• CACAO - Good for Agriculture and the Environment by H. Becker [PDF: 7.83 kb]
• Conservation Because It Pays: Shaded Cocoa Agroforests in West Africa by J.Gockowski et al. [PDF: 532 kb ]
• The effect of land use on soil health indicators in peri-urban agriculture in the humid forest zone of Southern Cameroon. Journal of Environmental Quality, vol. 36, p. 2402-2409, 2006 by A. Monkiedje, M. Spiteller, D. Fotio and P. Sukul. [PDF: 136 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• Almacenamiento y tasas de fijación de biomasa y carbono de cacao en sistemas agroforestales de cacao (Theobroma cacao) y laurel (Cordia alliodora). [Biomass and carbon storage and fixation in cocoa with laurel (Cordia alliodora) systems]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46 p. 26-29 by A. Ortiz, L. Riascos, and E. Somarriba [PDF: 132 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Suelos del valle del pie de monte en Talamanca: un paisaje dinámico para el almacenamiento de carbono. [Soils in the valley and foothills of Talamanca: a dynamic landscape for the storage of carbon]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46, p. 40-44 by B. Polidoro, L. Winowiecki, J. J. Maynard, P. McDaniel, and M. Morra [PDF: 155 KB] posted November 20 2008
• ¿Cómo construir modelos alométricos de volumen, biomasa o carbono de especies leñosas perennes? [How to develop volume, biomass or carbon allometric models for woody perennials?] Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46 p. 89-96 by M. Segura and H. J. Andrade [PDF: 778 KB] posted November 20 2008
• ¿Cómo estimar rápidamente el carbono almacenado en la biomasa aérea de los sistemas agroforestales indígenas de Talamanca, Costa Rica? [ How to estimate carbon stored in the aboveground biomass of indigenous agroforestry systems of Talamanca, Costa Rica] Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46 p. 97-103 by M. Segura and H.J. Andrade [PDF: 129 KB] posted November 20 2008
• ¿Cómo fijar carbono atmosférico, certificarlo y venderlo para complementar los ingresos de productores indígenas en Costa Rica? [How to fix, certify and trade carbon to increase income in indigenous cocoa farms in Costa Rica]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46. p. 34-39. by E. Somarriba, H. J. Andrade, M. Segura and M. Villalobos [PDF: 264 KB] posted November 20 2008
• El Proyecto captura de carbono y desarrollo de mercados ambientales en cacaotales y otros sistemas agroforestales indígenas en Talamanca, Costa Rica. [The Project: carbon capture and environmental markets in cocoa and other land uses in indigenous Talamanca, Costa Rica]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Américas (CATIE). Vol. 46 p. 8-13. y E. Somarriba, M. Villalobos, L. Sucre, M. López, F. Torres, A. Torres, and K. Rodríguez [PDF: 246 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Local knowledge and decision making by cocoa farmers on shade management in cocoa plantations, Alto Beni, Bolivia. Spanish, English summary. Conocimiento local y decisiones de los productores de Alto Beni, Bolivia, sobre el diseño y manejo de la sombra en su cacaotales. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE 76 p., 2006 by M. Ortiz González. [PDF: 1320KB] posted February 2 2009
• Capture of carbon: an environmental service in cocoa indigenous plantations. Spanish, English summary. La captura de carbono: un servicio ambiental en fincas cacaoteras indígenas. CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Serie Técnica. Manual Técnico N°64. 28 p., 2006 by E. Somarriba, F. Quesada and M. Villalobos. [PDF: 5240KB] posted February 3 2009

Biodiversity

• Seasonal abundance and activity of pill millipedes ( Arthrosphaera magna ) in mixed plantation and semi-evergreen forest of southern India. Acta Oecologica, vol. 29, p.27-32. 2005. Cacao in mixed forest by Ashwini, K. M. and Sridhar, K. R. [PDF: 453 kb]
• Dung beetle and terrestrial mammal diversity in forests, indigenous agroforestry systems and plantain monocultures in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 15, p. 555-585. 2006. by Harvey, C. A.; Gonzalez, J. and Somarriba, E. [PDF: 272 kb]
• Bat and bird assemblages from forests and shade cacao plantations in two contrasting landscapes in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity&Conservation, vol. 15, p. 587-612. 2006. by Faria, D.; Laps, R.R.; Baumgarten, J.; Cetra, M.[PDF: 494 kb]
• Foraging ecology of howler monkeys in a cacao (Theobroma cacao) plantation in Comalcalco, Mexico. American Journal of Primatology, Vol. 68, p. 127-142. by Munoz, D.; Estrada, A.; Naranjo, E.; Ochoa, S. [PDF: 196KB]
• Effects of forest fragmentation on pteridophyte diversity in a tropical rain forest in Brazil by Barradas Paciencia and Prado [PDF: 456 kb]
• Variability and selection for morphological bean traits in wild cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) from French Guiana by Ph. Lachenaud and G. Oliver [PDF: 210 kb]
• Circa 1940 notes taken in Trinidad and Nigeria by O.J. Voelker, Senior Botanist, (contributed by Rob Lockwood) by O.J. Voelker [PDF: 373 kb]
• Impact of management intensity on non-vascular epiphyte diversity in cacao plantations in western Ecuador, Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005. by M. Andersson and R. Gradstein [PDF: 373 kb]
• Cacao Cultivation and the Conservation of Biological Diversity by R.A. Rice and R. Greenberg [PDF: 941 kb]
• From shade- to sun-grown perennial crops in Sulawesi, Indonesia: implications for biodiversity conservation and soil fertility by S. F. Siebert [PDF: 94.8 kb]
• Biodiversity in tropical agroforests and the ecological role of ants and ant diversity in predatory function. Ecological Entomology, 2006, vol. 31, p. 369-377. by S.M. Philpott and I. Armbrecht. [PDF: 88 KB] posted Feb. 27 2007
• Shade cacao plantations (Theobroma cacao) and bat conservation in southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 291-312 , 2007. by D. Faria and J. Baumgarten. [PDF: 486 KB] posted Mar. 30 2007
• A diversity of insects captured by weaver spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in the cocoa agroecosystem in Tabasco, Mexico. English abstract. <Original> Diversidad de insectos capturados por aranas tejedoras (Arachnida: Araneae) en el agroecosistema cacao en Tabasco, Mexico. Neotropical Entomology, vol 36, p. 90-101, 2007. by M. Perez-De la Cruz, S. Sanchez-Soto, C.F. Ortiz-Garcia, R. Zapata-Mata, and A. De la Cruz [PDF:913 KB] posted July 3 2007
• Diversity of neotropical migratory landbird species assemblages in forest fragments and man-made vegetation in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation. vol. 14, p. 1719-1734, 2005. by A. Estrada and R. Coates-Estrada [PDF: 198 KB] posted July 3 2007
• An Ant Mosaic Revisted: Dominant Ant Species Disassemble Arboreal Ant Communities but Co-Occur Randomly. Biotropica, vol. 39, p. 422-427, 2007. by N.J. Sanders, G.M. Crutsinger, R.R. Dunn, J.D. Majer, and J.H.C. Delabie [PDF: 138 KB] posted July 3 2007
• Biodiversity conservation in cocoa production landscapes: an overview. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2237-2244, 2007. by G. Schroth and C.A. Harvey. [PDF: 129 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Bird Diversity in cacao farms and forest fragments of western Panama. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2245-2256, 2007. by S.A. Van Bael, P. Bichier, I. Ochoa, and R. Greenberg. [PDF: 271 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Agroforestry systems conserve species-rich but modified assemblages of tropical birds and bats. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p.2257-2292, 2007 by C.A. Harvey and J.A. Gonzalez Villalobos [PDF: 341 KB] posted September 5 2007
• Spatial ecology and conservation of two sloth species in a cacao landscape in Limon, Costa Rica. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p.2293-2310, 2007. by C. Vaughan, O. Ramirez, G. Herrera, and R. Guries. [PDF: 347 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Incorporating livelihoods in biodiversity conservation: a case study of cacao agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2311-2333, 2007. by R.M. Dahlquist, M.P. Whelan, L. Winowiecki, B. Polidoro, S. Candela, C.A. Harvey, J.D. Wulfhorst, P.A. McDaniel, and N. Bosque-Perez. [PDF: 427 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Ferns, frogs, lizards, birds and bats in forest fragments and shade cacao plantations in two contrasting landscapes in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2335-2357, 2007 by D. Faria, M.L. Barradas Paciencia, M. Dixo, R.R. Laps and J. Baumgarten. [PDF: 510 KB] posted September 5 2007
• Contribution of cacao plantations to the conservation of native ants (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a special emphasis on the Atlantic Forest fauna of southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2359-2384, 2007 by J.H.C. Delabie, B. Jahyny, I.C. Nascimiento, C.S.F. Marioano, S. Lacau, S. Campiolo, S.M. Philpott, and M. Leponce. [PDF: 804 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Diversity of plants in cocoa agroforests in the humid forest zone of Southern Cameroon. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2385-2400, 2007. by D.J. Sonwa, B.A. Ngongmeneck, S.F. Weise, M. Tchatat, A.A. Adesina, M.J.J. Janssens. [PDF: 318 KB] posted September 4 2007
• Cocoa farms in the Cameroon region: biological and cultural diversity in local livelihoods. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2401-2427, 2007. by S.A. Laird, G.L. Awung, and R.J. Lysinge. [PDF: 915 KB] posted September 4 2007
• The contribution of cacao agroforests to the conservation of lower canopy ant and beetle diversity in Indonesia. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 2429-2444, 2007 by M.M. Bos, I. Steffan-Dewenter, and T. Tscharntke [PDF: 341 KB] posted September 5 2007
• Estructura e dinamica do componente arboreo em area de cabruca no reiao cacaueira do sul do Bahia, Brasil. [In Portuguese]. Acta Bot. Bras., vol. 20, p. 943-954, 2006. by R.H.R. Sambuichi [PDF: 143 KB] posted October 31 2007
• Recovery of species richness and conservation of native Atlantic forest trees in the cacao plantations of southern Bahia in Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 16, p. 3681-3701, 2007. by R.H.R. Sambuichi and Mundayatan Haridasan [PDF: 397 KB] posted November 30 2007
• Bird predation on insects reduces damage to the foliage of cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao) in western Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology, vol. 23, p. 715-719, 2007 by S.A. Van Bael, P. Bichier, and R. Greenberg. [PDF: 92 KB] posted March 3 2008
• Tree diversity in cacao plantations in the Soconusco area, Chiapas, Mexico. <Original in Spanish> Diversidad arborea en cacaotales del Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico. Interciencia, vol. 32, p. 763-768, 2007. by M.G. Salgado-Mora, G. Ibarra-Nunez, J.E. Macias-Samano, and O. Lopez-Baez. [PDF: 172 KB] posted April 1 2008
• Cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao L.) Phylloplane myobiota identification at the Carraciolo Parra Olmedo municipality, Merida state, Venezuela. Original in Spanish with English Abstract. Rev. Fac. Agron. (LUZ), vol. 24, p. 47-68, 2007. by L.M. Urdaneta-G. and A.E. Delgado-A. [PDF: 781 KB] posted April 1 2008
• Abundance and diversity of Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) in cacao plantations in Aragua State, Venezuela. Abstract in English, in Spanish <Original> Abundancia y diversidad de Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) en plantaciones de cacao del Estado Aragua, Venezuela. Entomotropica, vol. 20, p. 239-248, 2005. by J.L. Garcia-R and R. Montilla. [PDF: 404 KB] posted April 25 2008
• Plant biodiversity and vegetation structure in traditional cocoa forest gardens in southern Cameroon under different management. Biodiversity Conservation, vol. 17, p. 1821-1835, 2008 by D.H.B. Bisseleua and S. Vidal [PDF: 317 KB] posted August 27 2008
• The effects of disturbance or loss of tropical rainforest on birds. Auk, vol. 125, p. 511-519, 2008 by N.S. Sodhi, M.R.C. Posa, T.M. Lee, and I.G. Warkentin [PDF: 1.6 MB] posted October 31 2008
• Conservación de la biodiversidad en los sistemas agroforestales cacaoteros y bananeros de Talamanca, Costa Rica. [Biodiversity conservation in cocoa and banana agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica] Thesis in Spanish with English summary. Tesis Mag. Sc. Turrialba, Costa Rica, CATIE. 128 p. by G. Guiracocha-Freire [PDF: 7 MB] posted November 20 2008
• Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Arachis hypogaea L. in diverse land use systems of humid forest zone in Cameroon. Applied Soil Ecology, Vol. 40, p. 411-416, 2008 by L. Ngo Nkot, T. Krasova-Wade, F.X. Etoa, S.N. Sylla and D. Nwaga [PDF: 341 KB] posted November 20 2008
• Population densities and genetic diversity of actinomycetes associated to the rhizosphere of Thebromacacao. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, vol. 39, p. 464-470, 2008 by T.R. Barreto; A.C.M. da Silva; A.C.F. Soares; J.T. de Souza. [PDF: 357KB] posted December 29 2008
• Bryophytes on tree trunks in natural forests, selectively logged forests and cacao agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biological Conservation, vol. 141, p. 2516-2527, 2008 by N.S. Ariyanti; M.K. Bos; S.S. Tjitrodoedirdjo; S.R. Guhardja e Gradstein. [PDF: 513KB] posted January 15 2009
• Hunting and floristic diversity in a fragmented landscape in the Bribri indigenous territory, Talamanca, Costa Rica. Spanish, English summary. [Caza y diversidad florística en paisajes fragmentados del territorio indígena Bribri de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Agroforestería en las Americas (CATIE), vol. 10 (37-38), p. 46-51, 2003 by C. Gaudrain and C.A. Harvey [PDF: 108KB] posted February 23 2009
• How to integrate local communities in monitoring biodiversity? Ideas from Talamanca, Costa Rica. [¿Cómo involucrar a la población local en el monitoreo de la biodiversidad?]. Spanish with English summary. Agroforestería en las Americas (CATIE), vol. 10 (37-38), p. 18-23, 2003 by C.A. Harvey, J. González and V. Sánchez [PDF: 134KB] posted February 23 2009
• How to integrate sustainable production and biodiversity conservation in organic, indigenous cocoa plantations? Spanish with English summary. [¿Cómo integrar la producción sostenible y conservación de la biodiversidad en cacaotales orgánicos indígenas?]. Agroforestería en las Americas (CATIE), vol. 10 (37-38), p. 12-17, 2003 by E. Somarriba and C.A. Harvey [PDF: 1.36MB] posted February 24 2009
• Shifts in soila faunal community structure in shaded cacao agroforests and consequences for ecosystem function in Central Africa. Tropical Ecology, Vol. 50, p. 71-78, 2009 by L. Norgrove, C. Csuzdi, F. Forzi, M. Canet and J. Gounes [PDF: 292KB] posted February 25 2009
• Landscape and farm scale management to enhance biodiversity conservation in the cocoa producing region of southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity and conservation, Vol. 18, p. 577-603, 2009 by C.R. Cassano, GD.tz Schroth, D. Faria, J.H.C. Delabie and L. Bede. [PDF: 596KB] posted April 8 2009
• Microclimate determines community composition but not richness of epiphytic understory bryophytes of rainforest and cacao agroforests in Indonesia. Functional Plant Biology, Vol. 36, p. 171-179, 2009 by S.G. Sporn, M.M. Bos, M. Hoffstatter-Muncheberg, M. Kesser and S.R. Gradstein. [PDF: 342KB] posted April 8 2009
• Local and landscape factors determine functional bird diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforestry. Biological Conservation 142:1032-1041, 2009 by Y. Clough, P.D. Dwi, R. Pitopangand T. Tscharntke. [PDF: 526KB] posted June 9 2009