Cacao Research: Genomics and Physiology
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In this section:
Genetics
- Detection and quantification of in vitro-culture induced chimerism using simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis in Theobroma cacao (L.). Theoretical and applied genetics. Vol. 2, p. 157-166. 2004. by Rodriguez Lopez, C.M.; Wetten, A.C. and Wilkinson, M.J. [PDF: 415 kb]
- Genetic diversity and natural population structure of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) from the Brazilian Amazon evaluated by microsatellite markers. ConservationGenetics.2006,vol. 7, p. 13-24. by Sereno, M.L.; Albuquerque, P.S.B.; Vencovsky, R.; Figueira, A.[PDF: 312KB]
- A computer simulation study on the number of loci and trees required to estimate genetic variability in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Tree Genetics & Genomics. 2006 by Cervantes-Martinez, C.; Brown, J.S.; Schnell, R.; Motamayor, J.C.; Meerow, A. W.; Zhang, D. [PDF: 482KB]
- Combining ability for disease resistance, yield, and horticultural traits of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clones J. American Soc. Horticultural Science, 2006, vol. 131, p. 231-241. by Cervantes-Martinez, C.; Brown, J.S.; Schnell, R.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Takrama, J.F.; Motamayor, J.C. [PDF: 463KB]
- Assessing the genetic diversity in the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T) using isozyme electrophoresis and RAPD by Sounigo et al. [PDF: 258 kb]
- Genetic Improvement and Cocoa Yields in Ghana, Expl Agric. (2005), volume 41, 2005 Cambridge University Press, by J. Edwin and W. A. Masters. [PDF: 108 kb]
- Developmental expression of stress response genes in Theobroma cacao leaves and their response to Nep1 treatment and a compatible infection by Phytophthora megakarya, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2005 by B.A. Bailey, et. al. [PDF: 1.79 MB]
- Analysis of molecular diversity in Crinipellis perniciosa with AFLP markers, European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2005 by R. Ploetz, et. al. [PDF: 290 kb]
- Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of candidate genes for reliable identification of alleles by capillary array electrophoresis by David N. Kuhn, et al. [PDF: 460.69 kb]
- Characterisation of the cacao somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (SERK) gene expressed during somatic embryogenesis by Marcelo de Oliveira Santos, et al. [PDF: 213.83 kb]
- Retrospective Determination of the Parental Population of Superior Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Seedlings and Association of Microsatellites Alleles with Productivity by R.J. Schnell, et al. [PDF: 5.48 MB]
- Detection and quantification of in vitro-culture induced chimerism using simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis in Theobroma cacao (L.) by C.M. Rodriguez Lopez, et al. [PDF: 415.13 kb]
- An Improved Semiautomated Rapid Method of Extracting Genomic DNA for Molecular Marker Analysis in Cocoa, Theobroma cacao L. by R. Bhattacharjee, et al. [PDF: 126.73 kb]
- Rapid Isolation of DNA from Chocolate and Date Palm Tree Crops by K. M. Haymes, et al. [PDF: 3.93 MB]
- Selection of International Molecular Standards for DNA Fingerprinting of Theobroma cacao by J. A. Saunders, et al. [PDF: 3.94 MB]
- Variability in cacao accessions from the Brazilian, Ecuadorian, and Peruvian Amazons based on molecular markers by F. G. Faleiro, et al. [PDF: 850 kb]
- Stable transformation of Theobroma cacao L. and influence of matrix attachment regions on GFP expression by S. Maximova, et al. [PDF: 527 kb]
- A Haplotype-Based Method for QTL Mapping of F1 Populations in Outbred Plant Species by C. C-M and J.S. Brown [PDF: 211 kb]
- Isolation, characterization, and development of WRKY genes as useful genetic markers in Theobroma cacao by J. W. Borrone, D. N. Kuhn and R. J. Schnell [PDF: 363 kb]
- Genetic Variability and Host Specialization in the Latin American Clade of Ceratocystis fimbriata by C.J. Baker et al. [PDF: 241 kb]
- Creation of BAC genomic resources for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) for physical mapping of RGA containing BAC clones by D. Clement et al. [PDF: 307 kb]
- A new cacao linkage map based on codominant markers: development and integration of 201 new microsatellite markers by T. Pugh et al. [PDF: 439 kb]
- Out of the Amazon: Theobroma cacao enters the genomic era by A. B. Bennett [PDF: 559 kb]
- New Cacao Selections offer Sweet Relief to Chocolate Growers
- Food of the Gods: Cacao and Marker-Assisted Selection
- Yield efficiency in progeny trails with cocoa. Experimental Agriculture, vol. 42, p. 289-299. by J.T.Y. Pang [84 KB] posted Nov. 2 2006
- Gene expression in leaves of Theobroma cacao in response to mechanical wounding, ethylene and/or methyl jasmonate. Plant Sciences, vol. 168, p. 1247-1258, 2005. by B.A. Bailey, M.D Strem, H. Base G. Antunez de Mayolo, and M. Guiltinan. [PDF: 473 KB] posted Dec. 4 2006
- Over-expression of a cacao class I chitinase gene in Theobroma cacao L. enhances resistance against the pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Planta, vol. 224, p. 740-749, 2006. by S.N. Maximova, J.P. Marelli, A. Young, S. Pishak, J.A. Verica, and M.J. Guiltinan. [PDF: 407 KB] posted Dec. 4 2006
- Assessment of genetic diversity on a sample of cocoa accessions resistant to witches' broom disease based on RAPD and pedigree data. Bragantia, vol. 64 p. 361-368, 2005. by R.C. dos Santos, J.L. Pires, U.V. Lopes, K.P.G. Gramacho, A.B. Flores, R. de C.S. Bahia, H.C.C. Ramos, R.X. Correa, and D. Ahnert. [PDF: 173 KB] posted Dec. 5 2006
- Microsatellite loci transferability from Themobroma cacao to Theobroma Grandiflorum. Molecular Ecology Notes. Vol. 6, p. 1219-1221, 2006. by R. Alvez, A. Sebbenn, A. Artero, and A. Figueira [PDF: 76 KB] posted Jan. 2 2007
- Características de compatibilidad sexual de algunos clones de cacao y su aplicación en siembras comerciales. [in Spanish with English abstract] Compañia Nacional de Chocolates, Colombia, S.A. by S. Cadavid-Vélez. [PDF: 17 MB] posted Jan. 16 2007
- Mapping quantitative trait loci for bean traits and ovule number in Theobroma cacao L. Genome, vol. 46, p. 103-111, 2003. by D. Clement, A.M. Risterucci, J.C. Motamayor, J. N'Goran, and C. Lanaud [PDF: 643 KB] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Mapping QTL for yield components, vigor, and resistance to Phytophthora palmivora in Theobroma cacao L. Genome, vol. 46, p.204-212, 2003. by D.Clement, A.M. Kisterucci, J.C. Motamayor, J. N'Goran, and C. Lanaud [PDF: 312 KB] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Centres of crop diversity and/or origin, genetically modified crops and implications for plant genetic resources conservation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, vol. 53, p.1675-1688, 2006. by J. M. M. Engels, A.W. Ebert, I. Thormann and M.C. de Vicente [PDF: 206 KB] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Allelic size standards and reference genotypes to unify international cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) microsatellite data. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, vol. 53, p.1643-1652, 2006. by N.C. Cryer, M.G.E. Fenn, C.J. Turnbull and M.J. Wilkinson [PDF: 221 KB] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Adding value to cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm information with domestication history and admixture mapping. Theoretical Applied Genetics, 2007, vol. 114. by M. Marcano, T. Pugh, E. Cros, S. Morales, E.A. Portillo Paez, B. Courtois, J.C. Glazmann, J.M.M. Engels, W. Phillips, C. Astorga, A.M. Risterucci, O. Fouet, V. Gonzales, K. Rosenberg, I. Vallat, M. Dagert, and C. Lanaud. [PDF: 373 KB] posted Feb. 27 2007
- Genetic diversity in cocoa germplasm of southern Cameroon revelaed by simple sequences repeat (SSRS) markers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2006, vol. 5, p. 1441-1449. by M.I.B. Efobagn, O. Sounigo, S. Nyasse, M. Manzanares-Dauleux, C. Cilas, M.A.B Eskes, and Kolesnikova-Allen. [PDF: 247 KB] posted Feb. 27 2007
- Final Report of the CFC/ICCO/IPGRI Project on "Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation: A Global Approach". CFC Technical Paper No. 50; ISBN-13: 978-92-9043-734-5, 224 pages with 25 contributed articles. Edited by A.B. Eskes and Y. Efron. [PDF: 31.4 MB] also available at http://www.cacaonet.org posted Mar. 30 2007
- Microsatellite markers developed from Theobroma cacao L. expressed sequence tag. Molecular Ecology Notes, Vol. 7, p. 236-239, 2007. by J.W. Borrone, J.S. Brown, D.N. Kuhn, J.C. Motamayor, and R.J. Schnell. [PDF: 93 KB] posted May 1 2007
- Development and characterization of a novel tetra-, tri- and di-nucleotide microsatellite markers in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Molecular breeding, vol. 20, p. 73-81, 2007. by A.C. Araujo, A.C. Intorne, M.G. Pereira, U.V. Lopes, G. de Souza Filho. [PDF: 229 KB] posted July 3 2007
- Field guide efficacy in the identification of reallocated clonally propagated accession of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Genetic Resources Crop Evolution, vol. 54, p. 1301-1313, 2007. by E.S. Johnson, A. Mora, and R.J. Schnell [PDF: 240 KB] posted Aug 1 2007
- Microsatellite variation and population structure in the 'Refracatario' cacao of Ecuador. Conservation Genetics, online first DOI 10.1007/s/0592-007-9345-8, 2008 by D. Zhang, M. Boccara, L. Motilal, S.R. Butler, P. Umaharan, S. Mischke, and L. Meinhardt. [PDF: 256 KB] posted Aug 1 2007
- Identificación de cultivares de cacao, Guía de Campo [in Spanish]. Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Peru. 2007 by L.F. García Carrion [PDF: 712 KB] posted September 5 2007
- The potential of the WRKY gene family for phylogenetic reconstruction: An example from the Malvaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol. 44, p. 1141-1154, 2007 by J.W. Borrone, A.W. Meerow, D.N. Kuhn, B.A. Whitlock, and R.J. Schnell [PDF: 306 KB] posted October 2 2007
- Mapping QTLs for resistance to frosty pod and black pod diseases and horticultural traits in Theobroma cacao L. Crop Science, vol. 47, p. 1851-1858, 2007 by J.S. Brown, W. Phillips-Mora, E.J. Power, C. Krol, C. Cervantes-Martinez, J.C. Motamayor and R.J. Schnell [PDF: 1 MB] posted October 2 2007
- Twenty years of agronomic evaluation of wild cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) from French Guiana. Scientia Horticulturae, vol. 113, issue 4, p. 313-321 by P. Lachenaud, D. Paulin, M. Ducamp, J.M. Thevenin. [PDF: 167 KB] posted October 2 2007
- Marcadores microssatelites relacionados com a resistencia a vassoura-de-bruxa do cacauerio. [English abstract: Microsatellite markers related to resistance of cocoa tree against witches' broom]. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. Brasilia, vol. 42, p. 1137-1142, 2007. by R.M.G. Santos, U.V. Lopes, R. de C. Bahia, R.C.R. Machado, D. Ahnert, and R.X. Correa [PDF: 88 KB] posted October 31 2007
- High levels of genetic divergence and inbreeding in populations of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum). Tree Genetics and Genomes, vol. 3, p. 289-298, 2007. by R.M. Alves, A. M. Sebbenn, A. S. Artero, C. Clement, A. Figueira [PDF: 315 KB] posted November 30 2007
- New sources of resistance to Phytophthora megakarya identified in wild cocoa tree populations of French Guiana. Crop Protection, vol. 27, p. 1143-1147, 2008 by D. Paulin, M. Duchamp, and P. Lachenaud. [PDF: 142 KB] posted June 3 2008
- Evaluation of phenotypic stability of resistance to Phytophthora spp. in cacao clones. Fitopatologia Brasileira, vol. 32, p. 453-457, 2007. by L.R.M. Pinto, S.D.V.M. Silva, and M.M. Yamada [PDF: 792 KB] posted June 28 2008
Physiology and Biochemistry
- Auxin modification of the incompatibility response in Theobroma cacao L, Physiologia Plantarum, 2001, vol. 112, p. 113-118. by Hasenstein, K.H.; Zavada, M.S. [PDF: 276KB]
- Extracts of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) leaves and their antioxidation potential, Food Chemistry, 2004. by H. Osman, et. al. [PDF: 209 kb]
- Antioxidant and biological activity of phenolic pigments from Theobroma cacao hulls extracted with supercritical CO 2, Food Research International, 2005. by M. Arlorio, et. al. [PDF: 126 kb]
- Antioxidant and Membrane Effects of Procyanidin Dimers and Trimers Isolated from Peanut and Cocoa, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005. by S. Verstraeten, et. al. [PDF: 130 kb]
- Sensory-Guided Decomposition of Roasted Cocoa Nibs ( Theobroma cacao) and Structure Determination of Taste-Active Polyphenols, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005. by T. Stark, et. al. [PDF: 170 kb]
- Isolation, Structure Determination, Synthesis, and Sensory Activity of N-Phenylpropenoyl-L-amino Acids from Cocoa ( Theobroma cacao), Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005. by T. Stark and T. Hoffman. [PDF: 164 kb]
- Chemical Composition and Flavor of Ecuadorian Cocoa Liquor, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002. by F. Luna, et. al. [PDF: 60.6 kb]
- Analytical Raman spectroscopic study of cacao seeds and their chemical extracts by Howell G.M. Edwards, et al. [PDF: 172 kb]
- Evaluation of cocoa- And Coffee-Derived Methylxanthines as Toxicants for the Control of Pest Coyotes by John J. Johnston [PDF: 369 kB]
- A physiological production model for cocoa (Theobroma cacao): model presentation, validation and application by Pieter A. Zuidema, et al [PDF: 521.45 kb]
- Identification and characterisation of the major aspartic proteinase activity in Theobroma cacao seeds by Martine Guilloteau, et al [PDF: 397.94 kb]
- Cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos for long-term germplasm storage by J-Y Fang, A.Wetten and P. Hadley [PDF: 249 kb]
- Bean quality traits and sensory evaluation of wild Guianan cocoa populations (Theobroma cacao L.). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, vol. 52, p. 911, 2006. by S. Assemat, Ph. Lachenaud, F. Ribeyre, F. Davrieux, J-L. Pradon, and E. Cros. [PDF: 75 KB] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Comparative analysis of steam distilled floral oils of cacao cultivars (Theobroma cacao L., Sterculiaceae) as attractants to flying insects: Implications for a Theobroma pollination syndrome. J. Chemical Ecology, 1994, vol. 20, p. 2687-2703. by A. Young and D.W. Severson. [PDF: 1.5 MB] posted Mar. 30 2007
- Implication of cysteine, glutathione and cysteine synthase in Theobroma cacao L. zygotic embryogenesis. BioTechnology, vol. 6, p. 129-296, 2007. by E. Minyaka, N. Niemenak, N.M.S. Soupi, A. Sangare, and N.D. Omokolo. [PDF: 1.8 MB] posted May 30 2007
- Fungal endophytes nearly double minimum leaf conductance in seedlings of a neotropical tree species. Journal of Tropical Ecology, vol. 23, p. 369-372, 2007. by A.E. Arnold and B.M.J Engelbrecht. [PDF: 75 KB] posted Aug 1 2007
- Metabolic fate of nicotinamide in higher plants. Physiologia Plantarum, vol. 131, p. 191-200, 2007. by A. Matsui, Y. Yin, K. Yamanaka, M. Iwasaki, and H. Ashihara. [PDF:524 KB] posted October 31 2007
- Effect of indolbutryic acid and cutting harvesting period on rooting of semi-hardwood cocoa cuttings. <Original> in Portuguese. Efeito do acido indolbutirico e epoca de coleta no enraizamento de estacas semilenhosas do cacaueiro. Revista Brasiliera de Fruticultura, vol. 29, p. 204-208, 2007. by J.B.V. Leite and A.B.G. Martins [PDF: 99 KB] posted November 15 2007
- Fine root diameters can change in response to changes in nutrient concentrations. Plant Soil, vol. 297, p. 243-254, 2007. by R.W. Zobel, T.B. Kinraide, and V.C. Baligar [PDF: 397 KB] posted November 15 2007
- Characterization of leafy cotyledon 1-like during embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L. Planta, vol. 227, p. 853-866, 2007 by L. Alemanno, M. Devic, N. Niemenak, C. Sanier, J. Guilleminot, M. Rio, J-L Verdeil, and P. Montoro. [PDF: 1.3 MB] posted March 3 2008
- Headspace volatile markers for sensitivity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos to cryopreservation. Plant Cell Reports, vol. 27, p. 453-461, 2008. by J.-Y. Fang, A. Wetten, and J. Johnston. [PDF: 450 KB] posted March 31 2008
- Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of hybrid variety cocoa beans. Food chemistry, v. 108, p. 1155-1159, 2008. by W.A. Jonfia-Essien, G. West, P.G. Alderson, and G. Tucker. [PDF: 274 KB] posted April 25 2008
- Regeneration of somatic embryos in Theobroma cacao L. in temporary immersion bioreactor and analyses of free amino acids in different tissues. Plant cell reports, vol. 27, p. 667-676, 2008. by N. Niemenak, K. Saare-Surminski, C. Rohsius, D.O. Ndoumou, and R. Lieberei. [PDF: 491 KB] posted April 25 2008
- Characterization of leafy cotyldenol-like during embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L., Planta, vol. 227, p. 853-866, 2008. by L. Alemanno, M. Devic, N. Miemenak, N. Sanier, C. Guilleminot, J. Rio and J-L. Verdeil [PDF: 1.3 MB] posted June 3 2008
- Photosynthetic photon flux density, carbon dioxide concentration, and vapor pressure deficit effects on photosynthesis in cacao. Photosynthetica, vol. 46, p. 216-221, 2008 by V.C. Baligar, J.A. Bunce, R.C.R. Machado, M.K. Elson [PDF: 240KB] posted June 26 2008
Agronomics/Nutrition/Shading
- Land-use system modeling and analysis of shaded cacao production in Belize. by D. Rosenberg and T. Marcotte, Agroforestry Systems 2005. [PDF: 272 kb]
- Ingested cocoa can prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity by regulating the expression of genes for fatty acid metabolism by Naoko Matsui, et al. [PDF: 331 kb]
- The adoption of intensive monocrop horticulture in southern Cameroon by J. Gockowski and M. Ndoumbéb [PDF: 103 kb]
- Rootstock Effects on Cocoa in Sabah, Malaysia by Joe Pang Thau Yin [PDF: 71.4 kb]
- Effects of adding organic materials to an acid sulfate soil on the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings by J. Shamshuddin et al. [PDF: 359 kb]
- Cultivating cacao: Implications of sun-grown cacao on local food security and environmental sustainability by J. M. Belsky and S. F. Siebert [PDF: 110 kb]
- Nutrient flows in smallholder production systems in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, vol. 76, p. 233-248, 2006 by J. Kanmegne, E.M.A. Smaling, L. Brussaard, A. Gansop-Kouomegne, and A. Boukong. [PDF: 267] posted Jan. 17 2007
- Shade tree management affects fruit abortion, insect pests and pathogens of cacao. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, vol. 120, p. 201-205, 2007 by M.M. Bos and T.T. Ingolf [PDF: 169 KB] posted May 30 2007
- Performance of Theobroma cacao (L.) seedlings irrigated with water from different sources. Biotechnology, vol. 5, p.330-336, 2006. by E.A. Akinrinde and K.O. Ayegboyin [PDF: 431 KB] posted May 30 2007
- Nutrient stocks, nutrient cycling and soil changes in cocoa ecosystems - a review. Advances in Agronomy, vol. 86, p. 227-253, 2005. by A.E. Hartemink [PDF: 333 KB] posted Aug 1 2007
- Fine root diameters can change in response to changes in nutrient concentrations. Plant and Soil, vol. 297, p. 234-254, 2007 by R. W. Zobel, T.B. Kinraide, and V.C. Baligar [PDF: 396 KB] posted October 2 2007
- Early growth and nutritional response to resource competition in cocoa-shade intercropped systems. Plant and Soil, vol. 298, p. 243-254, 2007. by M.E. Isaac, F. Ulzen-Appiah, V.R. Timmer and S.J. Quashie-Sam. [PDF: 231 KB] posted October 31 2007
- Is productivity of cacao impeded by epiphytes? An experimental approach. Agriculturae Ecosystems & Environment, vol. 112, p. 490-493, 2007. by S.G. Sporn, M.M. Bos, and S.R. Gradstein [PDF: 110 KB] posted October 31 2007
- Assessment of changes in selected soil properties under different land use in Obafemi Awolowo University community, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 5, p. 1178-1184, 2006. by A.A. Amusan, A.K. Shitu, W.O. Makinde, and O. Orewole [PDF: 100 KB] posted November 15 2007
- Substratos e estaquia na producaode mudas de cacaueiro. Thesis: Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciencias e Veterinarias Campus de Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. May 2007 by G.A. Sodre [PDF:486 KB] posted November 15 2007
- Physical characterization of sawdust substrate and containers for growth cuttings of cacao. <Original> in Portuguese. Caracterizacao fisica de substratos a base de serragem e recipientes para crescimento de mudas de cacaueiro. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, vol. 29, p.339-34, 2007. by G.A. Sodre, J.E. Cora, and J.O. Souza Junior [PDF: 113 KB] posted November 15 2007
- What determines farmers' resilience towards ENSO-related drought? An empirical assessment in central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Climatic Change, vol. 86, p.291-307, 2008 by A. Keil, M. Zeller, A. Wida, B. Sanim, and R. Birner. [PDF: 243 KB] posted April 1 2008
- Temporal change in carbon stocks of cocoa-gliricidia agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Agroforestry Systems, vol. 73, p. 219-231 by G.L. Smiley and J. Kroschel [PDF: 264 KB] posted June 28 2008
Stress
- The drought response of Theobroma cacao (cacao) and the regulation of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis by drought and other stresses. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 46, p. 174-81, 2008. by H. Bae, S.-H. Kim, M.S. Kim, R.C. Sicher, D. Lary, M.D. Strem, S. Natarajan, and B.A. Bailey. [PDF: 1.3 MB] posted March 31 2008