World Cocoa Foundation Research Update: September 2007
Vietnam pushes for cocoa market growth. By Charlotte Eyre 9/18/2007- Vietnam looks set to become one of Asia's primary cocoa producers, with thegovernmentpledging toinvest 40 billion dong (€1.8m) in the country's burgeoning cocoa trade, according to local news reports. In recent years Vietnam has been reliant on its coffee market for agricultural profit. However, over-planting led to a world price crash in the 1990s and led to a concerted effort by the government to develop other crops.
The agricultural ministry told the Vietnam news agency that it would expand cocoa acreage to 60,000 hectares over the next eight years, from the 7,000 hectares currently in use, with the aim of reaching an output of 52,000 tonnes by 2015. According to figures released by the World Cocoa Foundation, Indonesia is Asia's leading cocoa producer, accounting for 75 per cent of the total output, while Malaysia is the top processor, followed by Indonesia, Singapore, Japan, China and Thailand. Full article.
RECENT CACAO PUBLICATIONS:
**Borrone, J.W.; Meerow, A.W.; Kuhn, D.N.; Whitlock, B.A.; Schnell, R.J. The potential of the WRKY gene family for phylogenetic reconstruction: An example from the Malvaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, vol. 44, p. 1141-1154, 2007. (Genomics&PhysiologyGenetics306KB)
**Brown, J.S.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Power, E.J.; Krol, C.; Cervantes-Martinez, C.; Motamajor, J.C.; Schnell, R.J. Mapping QTLs for resistance to frosty pod and black pod diseases and horticultural traits in Theobroma cacao L. Crop Science, vol. 47, p. 1851-1858, 2007. (Genomics&PhysiologyGenetics KB)
**Granvogl, M.; Schieberle, P. Quantification of 3-aminopropionamide in cocoa, coffee and cereal products. Zeitschrift fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung. A, European food research and technology, vol. 225, p. 857-863, 2007. (PostHarvestProcessing281KB)
**Kilaru, A.; Bailey, B.A.; Hasenstein, K.H. Moniliophthora perniciosa produces hormones and alters endogenous auxin and salicylic acid in infected cocoa leaves. FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol. 274, p. 238-244. (Diseases&PestsBiology143KB)
**Lachenaud, P.; Paulin, D.; Ducamp, M.; Thevenin, J.M. Twenty years of agronomic evaluation of wild cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) from French Guiana. Scientia Horticulturae, vol. 113, issue 4, p.313-321. (Genomics&PhysiologyGenetics167KB)
**Oke, D.O.; Odebiyi, K.A. Traditional cocoa-based agroforestry and forest species conservation in Ondo State, Nigeria. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, vol. 122, p. 305-311, 2007. (Environment &Sustainability236KB)
**Ramiro-Puig, E.; Urpi-Sarda, M.; Perez-Cano, F.J.; Franch, A.; Castellote, C.; Andres-Lacueva, C.; Izquierdo-Pulido, M.; Castell, M. Cocoa-enriched diet enhances antioxidant enzyme activity and modulates lymphocyte composition in thymus from young rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 55, p. 6431-6438, 2007. (HumanNutritionAntioxidants267KB)
**Ramiro-Puig, E.; Perez-Cano, F.J.; Ramirez-Santana, C.; Castellote, C.; Izquierdo-Pulido, M.; Permanyer, J.; Franch, A.; Castell, M. Spleen lymphocyte function modulated by a cocoa-enriched diet. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 149, p. 535-542, 2007. (HumanNutritionFlavonols378KB)
** Zobel, Richard W.; Kinraide, T.B. ; Baligar, V.C. Fine root diameters can change in response to changes in nutrient concentrations. Plant and Soil, vol. 297, p. 234-254, 2007. (Genomics&PhysiologyAgronomy396KB)
Phillips-Mora, W. 2006. La cacaocultura mundial en riesgo ante el avance del hongo Moniliophthora roreri, agente causal de la moniliasis del cacao. Fitopatología Brasileira 31 (Suplemento Agosto):S30-S32.
Cervantes-Martinez, C.; Brown, J.S.; Schnell, R.J.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Takrama, J.F.; Motamayor, JC. 2006. Combining ability for disease resistance, yield, and horticultural traits of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clones. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 131(2):231-241.
Phillips-Mora, W.; Mora, A.; Johnson, E.; Astorga, C. 2006. Recent efforts to improve the genetic and physical conditions of the International Cocoa Collection at CATIE. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Phillips-Mora, W.; Ortiz, C.F.; Aime, M.C. 2006. Fifty years of frosty pod rot in Central America: Chronology of its spread and impact from Panama to Mexico. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Arciniegas, A.; Phillips-Mora, W. 2006. Comprehensive characterization of superior cacao genotypes selected by CATIE’s breeding program based on yield and/or moniliasis resistance. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Kuhn, D; Mac Arthur, H.C.; Borrone, J.W.; Schnell, R.J.; Brown, J.S.; Johnson, E.; Phillips-Mora, W. 2006. Development of molecular genetic markers from a cDNA subtraction library of frosty pod inoculated cacao. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Lanaud, C.; Fouet, O.; Gramacho, K.; Argout, X.; Legrave, T.; Sabau, X.; Risterucci, A.M.; Wincker, P.; Da Silva, C.; Loor, G.; Lopes, V.; Cascardo, J.; Courtois, B.; Kuhn, D.; Schnell, R.; Bailey, B.; Babin, R.; Sounigo, O.; Ducamp, M.; Paulin, D.; Deberdt, P.; Verica, J.; Guiltinan, M.; Alemanno, L.; Machado, R.; Phillips, W.; Micheli, F.; Da Silva Gesteira, A.; Clement, D.; Maximova, S.; Butler, D.; Rosenquist, E.; Gilmour, Glaszmann, J.C. 2006. A large EST resource for Theobroma cacao including cDNAs isolated from various organs and under various biotic and abiotic stresses. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Brown, S.; Schnell, R.; Power, E.J.; Krol, C.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Cervantes-Martinez, C. 2006. Preliminary QTL mapping results for resistance to frosty pod, and horticultural traits in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Zhang, D.; Boccara, M.; Mischke, S.; Motilal, L.; Kolesnikova-Allen, M.; Cryer, N.; Turnbull, C.; Lanaud, C.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Butler, D. 2006. Detection of mislabeled germplasm in cocoa collections using DNA fingerprinting with SSR markers. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Johnson, E.; Phillips, W.; Bekele, F.L.; Arciniegas, A.; Zhang, D.; Schnell, R.J. 2006. Field guide to the UF clones of Costa Rica. In 15th International Cocoa Research Conference. San José, Costa Rica.
Phillips-Mora, W. 2007. Genetic Control of frosty pod rot at CATIE: a successful experience. In Workshop on the Prevention And Management of the Global Spread of Cocoa Pests and Pathogens. ICCO/CABI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Abstracts.
Phillips-Mora, W. 2007. Current status of frosty pod in South and Central America: biology, spread and management. In Workshop on the Prevention And Management of the Global Spread of Cocoa Pests and Pathogens. ICCO/CABI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Abstracts.
**Complete article is available on line at the WCF web site, www.worldcocoafoundation.org : go to:
Cocoa Information Center>Research Documents> Cacao Research: 1. Genomics and Physiology, 2. Diseases and Pests, 3. Environment and Sustainability, 4. Post Harvest, 5. Socio-Economic, and 6. Human Nutrition. These articles are made accessible to the cacao research community for research purposes only.
Contributions to the UPDATE may be sent to lumsdenr@ba.ars.usda.gov and/or rdlumsden@msn.com. News items will be included in the next month’s update.
Anyone interested in subscribing or unsubscribing to the monthly World Cocoa Foundation Newsletter as well WCF Research Update, send complete name, company/institution, mailing address and e-mail address to Robert Peck, World Cocoa Foundation, robert.peck@worldcocoa.org.
RDL – October 1, 2007.
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