World Cocoa Foundation Research Update: April 2008
PUBLICATIONS FROM MEETINGS:
The Biological Control Committee of the American Phytopathological Society (APS) sponsored a symposium on endophytes for biological control of plant diseases. That symposium was held July –August, 2005 in Austin, Texas. The papers below pertain to control of cacao diseases and are on-line versions of these papers that can be cited with the on line code: DOI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.03.009. They are available at the WCF Virtual Library under 2005 Conferences and Events . When final versions of these papers are available they will be posted at the WCF Virtual Library, under Diseases&Pests.
**Backman, P. A.; Sikora, R. A. Endophytes: An emerging tool for Biological Control. Biological Control Introduction and commentary to a special issue of Biological Control.
**Bailey, B.A.; Bae, H.; Strem, M.D.; Crozier, J.; Thomas, S.E.; Samuels, G.J.; Binyard, B.T.; Holmes, K.A. Antibiosis, mycoparasitism, and colonization success for endophytic Trichoderma isolates with biological control potential in Theobroma cacao.
**Melnick, R.L.; Zidack, N.K.; Bailey, B.A.; Maximova, S.N.; Guiltinan, M.; Backman, P.A. Bacterial endophytes: Bacillus spp. form annual crops as potential biological control agents of black pod rot of cacao.
**de Souza, J.T.; Bailey, B.A.; Pomella, A.W.V.; Erbe, E.F.; Murphy, C.A.; Bae, H.; Hebbar, P.K. Colonization of cacao seedlings by Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite of the witches’ broom pathogen, and its influence on plant growth and resistance.
**Mejia, L.C.; Rojas, E.I.; Maynard, Z.; Van Bael, S.; Arnold, A.E.; Hebbar, P.; Samuels, G.J.; Robbins, N.; Herre, E.A. Endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents of Theobroma cacao pathogens.
NEW PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE at the WCF web site:
**Cho, E.S.; Lee, K.W.; Lee, H.J. Cocoa procyanidins protect PC12 cells from hydrogen-peroxide-induced apoptosis by inhibiting activation of p38 MAPK and JNK. Mutation Research, vol. 640, p. 151-130, 2008. (HumanNutritionPhytonutrients750KB)
**Deberdt, P.; Mfegue, C. V.; Tondje, P. R.; Bon, M. C.; Ducamp, M.; Hurard, C.; Begoude, B. A. D.; Ndoumbe-Nkeng, M.; Hebbar, P. K.; Cilas, C. Impact of environmental factors, chemical fungicide and biological control on cacao pod production dynamics and black pod disease (Phytophthora megakarya) in Cameroon. Biological Control, vol. 44, p. 149-159, 2008. (Diseases&PestsBiologicalControl236KB)
**Haase, I.; Fischer, M. Differentiation of Theobroma cacao and Theobroma grandiflorum using PCR. Absract in English, in German <Original> Differenzierung von Theobroma cacao und Theobroma grandiflorum mittels PCR. Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, vol. 2, p.422-428, 2007. (PostHarvestQuality773KB)
**Garcia-R, J.L.; Montilla, R. Abundance and diversity of Scelionidae (Hymenoptera:Platygastroidea), in cacao plantations in Aragua state, Venezuela. Abstract in English, in Spanish <Original> Abundancia y diversidad de scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) en plantaciones de cacao del Estado Aragus, Venezuela. Entomotropica, vol. 20, p. 239-248, 2005. (Environment&SustainabilityBiodiversity KB)
**Jonfia-Essien, W.A.; West, G.; Alderson, P.G.; Tucker, G. Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of hybrid variety cocoa beans. Food chemistry, v. 108, p. 1155-1159, 2008. (Genomics&PhysiologyBiochemistry274KB)
**Mbenoun, M.; Momo Zeutsa, E.H.; Samuels, G.; Nsouga Amougou, F.; Nyasse, S. Dieback due to Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a new constraint to cocoa production in Cameroon. Plant Pathology, vol. 57, p. 381, 2008. (Diseases&PestsBiology67KB)
**Niemenak, N.; Saare-Surminski, K.; Rohsius, C.; Ndoumou, D.O,; Lieberei, R. Regeneration of somatic embryos in Theobroma cacao L. in temporary immersion bioreactor and analyses of free amino acids in different tissues. Plant cell reports, vol. 27, p. 667-676, 2008. (Genomics&PhysiologyBiochemistry491KB)
**Pokou, N.D..; N'Goran, J.A.K.; KD.bD., I.; Eskes, A.; Tahi, M.; Sangar, D. Levels of resistance to Phytophthora pod rot in cocoa accessions selected on-farm in Cote d'Ivoire. Crop Protection, vol. 27, p.302-309, 2008. (Diseases&PestsResistance309KB)
**Quainoo, A.K.; Wetten, A.C.; Allainguillaume J. The effectiveness of somatic embryogenesis in eliminating the cocoa swollen shoot virus from infected cocoa trees. Journal of Virological Methods, vol. 149, p. 91-96, 2008. (Diseases&PestsBiology530KB)
Articles are available from the sources indicated:
The following articles were published in the Journal, Agroforesteria en las Americas, Issue 43/44, SN 1022-7482, 2005. Note e-mail address contact, Eduardo Sommarriba esomarri@catie.ac.cr, or other authors as indicated for more information:
Somarriba, E.; Trujillo, L.; Stoian, D.; Palencia, G.; Cancari, F.; Trujillo, G.; Cuaquira, J.; Mendieta, V.; Aguirre, F.; July, W.; Huanca, E.; Mamani, J.; Flores, R.; Castro, G. How to modernize the cocoa chain in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Como modernizar la cadena del cacao del Alto Beni, Bolivia? esomarri@catie.ac.cr, stoian@catie.ac.cr, luisatc@catie.ac.cr, gefrainpalencia@hotmail.com, piafsapecho@gmx.net, windson@catie.ac.cr, gcastro123@yahoo.com. |CATIE, Sede Central, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Vega, M.; Somarriba, E. Agroforestry planning of organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Planificacion agroforestal de fincas cacaoteras organicas del Alto Beni, Bolivia. vegamilton@hotmail.com, esomarri@catie.ac.cr. CATIE.
Quenta, W. L.; Bentes-Gama, M.; Somarriba, E.; Pastrana, A. Prospective adoption of technological innovations for the organic cacao plantations of Alto Beni, Bolivia- <Original> Adopcion prospectiva de las innovaciones tecnologicas para la produccion organica de cacao en el Alto Beni, Bolivia. E-mail: walterlq001@yahoo.com.mx, mbgama@cpafro.embrapa.br esomarri@catie.ac.cr, a_pastra_a@yahoo.com. CATIE.
Lopez, A.; Somarriba, E. Fruit trees in organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia.
<Original> Arboles frutales en fincas de cacao organico del Alto Beni, Bolivia. lopeza@catie.ac.cr, arlenlop@hotmail.com, esomarri@catie.ac.cr. CATIE.
Orozco, L.; Somarriba, E. Timber trees in organic cacao farms in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Arboles maderables en fincas de cacao organico del Alto Beni, Bolivia. luisoroz@catie.ac.cr, esomarri@catie.ac.cr. CATIE.
Ortiz, M.; Somarriba, E. Shade regulation and tree species in cocoa plantations in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Sombra y especies arboreas en los cacaotales del Alto Beni, Bolivia. mortiz@catie.ac.cr, esomarri@catie.ac.cr. CATIE.
Miranda, M.; Somarriba, E. Agronomic evaluation of grafted cacao plantations of the cooperative confederation El Ceibo in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Evaluacion agronomica de las plantaciones de cacao injertado de productores de la Central de Cooperativas El Ceibo, AltoBeni, Bolivia.| milenka_miranda@yahoo.com, esomarri@catie.ac.cr. CATIE.
Bentes-Gama, M.; Somarriba, E.; Pinto, W.; Pastrana, A. Household and site characteristics, actual status and management of new grafted cacao plantations in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Estado y manejo de nuevas plantaciones de cacao injertado en Alto Beni, Bolivia. Embrapa Rondonia, Brazil. mbgama@cpafro.embrapa.br, esomarri@catie.ac.cr, waldoboot@hotmail.com\a_pastr, a_a@yahoo.com.
Vargas, A.; Somarriba, E.; Carballo, M. Population dynamics of the thrip ( Monalonion dissimulatum Dist.) and pod damage in organic cacao plantations in Alto Beni, Bolivia. <Original> Dinamica poblacional del chinche ( Monalonion dissimulatum Dist.) y dano de mazorcas en plantaciones organicas de cacao del Alto Beni, Bolivia. anavargas00@yahoo.com.ar, esomarri@catie.ac.cr, mcarball@catie.ac.cr.
Quelca, A. S.; Bentes-Gama, M.; Pastrana, A.; Ochoa, R. Perception and perceived values of Alto Beni, Bolivia, cacao farmersregarding the multi-strata successional system. <Original> Percepciones y valoracion del sistema sucesional multiestrato de los productores cacaoteros del Alto Beni, Bolivia. abrahan_sq@yahoo.com, abrahan_ql@latinmail.com, mbgama@cpafro.embrapa.br, a_pastra_a@yahoo.com, ochoa_torrez@hotmail.com.
Villegas C., R.; Astorga D.C. Morphological characterization of Bolivian national cacao, Alto Beni, Bolivia.<Original> Caracterizacion morfologica del cacao Nacional Boliviano, Alto Beni, Bolivia. romilleg@hotmail.com, castorga@catie.ac.cr.
Other research articles:
Allen, R.R.; Carson, L.-A.; Kwik-Uribe, C.; Evans, E.M.; Erdman, J.W. Daily consumption of a dark chocolate containing flavanols and added sterol esters affects cardiovascular risk factors in a normotensive population with elevated cholesterol. Journal of Nutrition, vol. 138, p. 725-731, 2008. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA. roballen@uiuc.edu
Oke, S. O.; Ayanwale, T. O.; Isola, O. A. Soil seedbank in four contrasting plantations in Ile-Ife area of Southwestern Nigeria. Research Journal of Botany, vol. 2, issue 1,p. 13-22, 2007. Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Joyce, R. A.; Henderson, J. S. From feasting to cuisine: implications of archaeological research in an early Honduran village. American Anthropologist, vol. 109, issue 4, p. 642-653,2007. Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, California.
Reina C., L.; Hetz, E. J. Evaluation of the agricultural tractor park of Ecuador. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, vol. 38 no. 3, 2007. Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Manabi, Portoviejo, Ecuador. jreyna@udec.cl\ehetz@udec.cl.
Ribeiro, M.A.Q.; da Silva, J.O.; Aitken, W.M.; Machado, R.C.R.; Baligar, V.C. Nitrogen use efficiency in cacao genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol. 31, p239-249, 2008.
USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crop Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
Adetunji, M.O.(Reprint); Olaniyi, O.A.; Raufu, M.O. Assessment of benefits derived by Cocoa farmers from Cocoa Development Unit activities of Oyo State. Journal of Human Ecology|, vol. 22, p. 211-214, 2007. Ladoke Akintola Univ Technol, Dept Agr Econ and Extens, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
Geovanny, F.E.; Henderson, R.W. Home range and habitat use of Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata : Corytophanidae) in an active Costa Rican cacao farm. Applied Herpetology, vol. 4 no. 3, p. 217-226, 2007. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
How, P.S.(Reprint); Cox, R,; Ellis, J.A.; Spencer, J.P.E. The impact of plant-derived flavonoids on mood, memory and motor skills in UK adults. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, vol. 66, p. 87A, 2007. Univ. Reading, School Psychology and Clinical Language Sci., Reading RG66AL, Berks, UK.
**Complete article is available on line at the WCF web site, www.worldcocoafoundation.org : go to: Cocoa Information Center> Research Documents> Cacao Research: 1. Genomics and Physiology, 2. Diseases and Pests, 3. Environment and Sustainability, 4. Post Harvest, 5. Socio-Economic, and 6. Human Nutrition.
These articles are made accessible to the cacao research community for research purposes only.
Contributions to the UPDATE may be sent to robert.lumsden@ars.usda.gov and/or rdlumsden@msn.com. News items will be included in the next month’s update.
Anyone interested in subscribing or unsubscribing to the monthly World Cocoa Foundation Newsletter as well WCF Research Update, send complete name, company/institution, mailing address and e-mail address to Robert Peck, World Cocoa Foundation, robert.peck@worldcocoa.org.
RDL –April 30, 2008.
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